不同冬春性小麦品种在豫中、豫北地区光能利用率及生产潜力比较

Comparion of Light Use Efficiency and Production Potential of Different Winter and Spring Wheat Varieties in Central and North Henan

以不同冬春性小麦品种为材料,在豫中和豫北地区各设1个典型观测点,进行田间栽培,对比分析其光合特性、光能利用率和生产潜力,以期为豫中和豫北两地区冬春性小麦品种的选择利用提供理论依据。结果表明:在主要生育时期,豫北地区小麦旗叶的SPAD值高于豫中地区(冬性品种除外);同一品种在豫中地区的冠层截获光合有效辐射(PAR)高于豫北地区,开花期两地区冬性品种(济麦20)最大,弱春性品种最小,不同冬春性类型间差异显著;两地区各小麦品种开花后旗叶净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)总体上均随生育进程的推进表现出逐渐下降的趋势,Pn下降较Gs更加剧烈,而胞间CO_2浓度则表现出逐渐上升的趋势。豫中和豫北地区小麦总光能利用率以弱冬性品种最高,两地区光合生产潜力已开发度分别为20.67%和22.76%,光温生产潜力已开发度分别为40.72%和43.31%。

In this experiment,different winter and spring wheat varieties were planted in the typical observation area of central and north Henan,to compare and analyze photosynthetic characteristics,light use efficiency(LUE)and production potential,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and utilization of winter and spring wheat varieties in central and north Henan.The results showed that during the main growth period,SPAD value of wheat flag leaves in the north Henan was higher than that in central Henan(except winter varieties);canopy interception photosynthetic active radiation(PAR)of the same wheat cultivar in central Henan was higher than that in north Henan.In anthesis,the PAR of winter wheat(Jimai 20)was the largest,while weak spring wheat was the smallest.And there was significant difference of PAR between winterness and springness varieties.After anthesis,net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs)of the wheat varieties in the two areas were gradually decreasing with the advancement of the growth,and the decrease of Pn was more obvious than that of Gs,while intercellular CO 2 concentration(Ci)increased gradually.The total LUE of weak winter cultivars was the highest in two areas.Photosynthetic production potential in the two areas had been developed at 20.67%and 22.76%,respectively;light and temperature production potential in the two areas had been developed at 40.72%and 43.31%.