基于离散相模型的水力喷砂射孔器优化设计

Optimization Design of Hydraulic Sandblasting Perforators Based on Discrete Phase Model

针对常用水力喷砂射孔器冲蚀磨损严重、使用寿命短的问题,运用数值模拟软件的离散相模型,分析了常用水力喷砂射孔器的冲蚀磨损规律,提出了工具结构和喷嘴结构的优化设计方案;并对新型水力喷砂射孔器的射流性能和耐冲蚀性能进行验证。研究结果表明:常用水力喷砂射孔器的冲蚀磨损主要集中在工具内腔喷嘴入口处、喷嘴内流道和工具外壁喷嘴出口处,且射孔器结构、射孔液运动特性、管柱振动和工作环境是造成冲蚀磨损的4个主要原因;相同条件下,相比于常用水力喷砂射孔器,所提出的新型水力喷砂射孔器的射流速度更大,上下层喷嘴间的速度差更小,耐冲蚀性能更佳。

In order to solve the problems of erosion wears and short service life of the commonly used hydraulic sandblasting perforators,the erosion wear rules of the commonly used hydraulic sandblasting perforators were analyzed by using the discrete phase model of numerical simulation software.The optimization designs of tool structures and nozzle structures were proposed.And the jet and erosion resistance performances of the new hydraulic sandblasting perforators were verified.The results show that the erosion areas of the commonly used hydraulic sandblasting perforators are mainly concentrated in the tool lumen nozzle inlets,the nozzle inlet flow channels and the tool wall nozzle outlets.Besides,the perforator structures,the perforating fluid characteristics,the pipe column vibrations and the working environments are the four main reasons for the serious erosions of the blasting perforators.Under the same conditions,the jet velocities of new hydraulic sandblasting perforators are larger,the velocity differences between the upper and lower nozzles are smaller,and the anti?erosion performances are better compared to the commonly used ones.