物流企业的数据驱动创新——一个多案例分析

The Data-based Innovation of Logistics Enterprises——A Multiple Case Study

随着"互联网+"时代的到来和大数据技术的发展,物流企业越来越关注数据本身。数据驱动开始逐渐替代传统驱动方式,成为中国物流企业发展的新方向。物流企业借助物联网技术采集海量终端数据,依托云计算为企业平台运作提供强大计算能力,提高收集、储存、分析信息和依据信息进行预测的能力,这是企业竞争优势的来源。构建数据战略,通过数据驱动成就商业模式创新是当前企业面临的迫切而现实的问题。采用多案例研究方法,基于五个典型案例对物流企业数据驱动创新模式、特点和规律进行实证检验发现,物流企业中存在数据驱动创新模式,但与电子产品等新兴企业相比,其在发生范围、参与创新主体及创新类型上存在一定差别;数据飞轮及其飞轮效应,包括原点定律、阻力定律、加速定律与惯性定律,在数据驱动型物流企业中的运行、旋转、发展具有自己独特的演化特征;新一代物流企业中数据飞轮在创新演化的源泉、关键、核心、主要工具及驱动决策方面展现出不同的特点。不过,尽管与新兴企业相比物流企业在数据驱动创新方面具有自身独特的演化特征和运行轨迹,但两者在数据驱动的类型、特点、规律及应用范围上的共性仍然很多,物流企业数据驱动创新拥有与新兴企业同样的活力和创造力,其创新潜力同样有待进一步挖掘。

With the coming of Internet Plus and the development of Big Data,logistics enterprises are paying more and more attention to the data itself.The traditional driving pattern has been replaced by data driving,which has become the new development direction of China’s logistics enterprises.With the help of multiple case study and five classical cases,the author carries out the empirical test on the pattern,characteristic and rules of data-based innovation in logistic enterprises.It is found that:data-based innovation pattern in logistics enterprises is different from that in other emerging enterprises such as electronic product enterprises;and data flywheel and flywheel effect in data-based innovation logistics enterprises is unique.Though there are some differences between data-based innovation in other emerging enterprises and in logistics enterprises,there are also some similarities in terms of characteristic,rule,and application scope;and data-based innovation in logistics enterprises has the same vitality and creativity,the potential of innovation should be further explored.