碳纳米材料/聚偏氟乙烯杂化膜的制备及性能

Preparation and performance of carbon nanomaterials/polyvinylidene fluoride hybrid membrane

为了改善膜的形貌,提高膜的分离性能和力学性能,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为聚合物,以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)为纳米填料,以氧化石墨烯(GO)溶液为凝固浴,通过基质混合和溶液凝固浴相结合的方式,成功制备了PVDF/MWCNT/GO杂化膜.通过TEM、SEM、FT-IR等手段对MWCNT和GO的形貌及结构进行了表征,同时研究了碳纳米材料的添加对膜的形貌、分离性能以及力学性能的影响.结果表明:MWCNT呈长管状网络结构,GO呈片层结构,二者的协同作用将有利于膜力学性能的改善;而GO表面丰富的含氧官能团,可以使其在水中有很好的分散稳定性,并且当MWCNT的质量分数为3%时,膜的综合性能达到最优,与纯膜相比,杂化膜的形貌和亲水性有了一定的改善,纯水通量、截留率和力学性能分别提高了约106%、58.7%和101%,这说明碳纳米材料可以有效提高膜的分离性能和力学性能.

In order to improve the membrane morphology,separation performance and mechanical properties.Using PVDF as polymer,multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT)as nanofillers and graphene oxide(GO)solution as coagulation bath,PVDF/MWCNT/GO hybrid membranes were successfully prepared by a combination of mixed matrix and solution coagulation bath.The morphology and structure of MWCNT and GO were characterized and the effects of the addition of carbon nanomaterials on morphology,separation performance and mechanical properties of membrane were also studied.The results show that the MWCNT has a long tubular network structure and GO is a lamellar structure.The synergistic effect of MWCNT and GO will be beneficial to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the membrane.Meanwhile,oxygen-rich functional groups on the GO surface allow for good dispersion stability in water.Furthermore,the performance of the hybrid membranes reached the optimum when the mass fraction of MWCNT was 3%.The morphology and hydrophilicity of hybrid membranes have been improved.The pure water flux,retention rate and mechanical properties have been improved by about 106%,58.7%,and 101%,respectively.These results show that the carbon nanomaterials can effectively improve the separation performance and the mechanical properties of the membranes.