四川白鹅肉物理性质及化学组成分析

Analysis of physicochemical properties of Sichuan white goose

采用常规物化特性测定方法,测定了不同年龄、部位和性别的四川白鹅肉物理性质及化学组成。结果显示,比较年龄、部位和性别3个因素,年龄是影响四川白鹅肉品质的主要因素。随着年龄的增长(70日龄~2年),肌肉pH值呈现先降低后上升的趋势,其中120日龄最低;L*和a*呈现升高的趋势,其中在1年时显著升高(p<0.05),b*呈现平稳下降的趋势;蒸煮损失率呈现先升高后下降的趋势,其中90日龄最高;剪切力值呈现升高的趋势,其中胸肌在150日龄显著升高(p<0.05),腿肌在1年极显著升高(p<0.01);水分含量呈现先降低后升高的趋势,其中90日龄最高,120日龄极显著下降(p<0.01),1年极显著升高(p<0.01);灰分含量整体变化幅动不大,在1.1%~1.5%;粗蛋白含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中胸肌和腿肌分别在150和120日龄达到最高;肌内脂肪含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其中胸肌和腿肌分别在120和90日龄最高。结果表明,从单一指标难以判断不同年龄的四川白鹅肉品质高低,总体上来看,90~150日龄的四川白鹅肉品质相对较好,建议四川白鹅在此日龄范围内进行屠宰。

The physical properties and chemical composition of Sichuan white goose at different age and different body part were determined.The results showed that age was the main factor influencing the quality of Sichuan white goose among three factors(age,location and sex).With age increased(70-days-old to 2-years-old),the meat pH decreased first and then increased,the lowest was found in 120-days-old goose;L*and a*showed an increasing trend,which significantly increased at 1-year-old(p<0.05),and b*showed a steady decreasing trend.The cooking loss rate showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,the highest was in 90-days-old goose.The shear force value increased,and the chest muscle was significantly increased in 150-days-old googse(p<0.05).The leg muscle increased very significantly at 1-year-old goose(p<0.01).The water content showed a tendency to decreased first and then increased,and 90-days-old goose showed the highest,however,it decreased sharply at 120-days-old goose(p<0.01),and increased significantly at 1-year-old goose(p<0.01).The overall change in ash content is very small between 1.1%and 1.5%.The content of crude protein increased first and then decreased,and the chest and leg muscle reached the highest at 150-and 120-days-old goose,respectively.Intramuscular fat content was increase and then increased:the chest and leg muscle reached the highest at 120-and 90-days-old goose,respectively.These results showed that it was difficult to judge the quality of Sichuan white goose from different ages.Overall,the quality of Sichuan white goose was good at from 90-days-old to 150-days-old.Therefore,Sichuan white geese were better slaughtered in the above age range.