村级民主制度创新的实践与机制

Logic and Mechanism of Village Democracy Innovation

当前的村级民主制度难以克服农村政治社会的现实问题。成都市的村级民主制度创新提供了一个可行思路,重点围绕村庄公共品供给、成立村民议事会和输入公共服务资金,在组织和规则的框架内动员村庄多元主体参与民主协商与决策。这种民主制度运行的机制在于:一是通过以需求为导向的资源输入方式激发农民参与的积极性;二是在组织和规则的框架内分层级地统筹与协商;三是平衡村庄多元参与主体的权利与义务关系。在上述机制的作用下,村级民主制度不仅运行成本较低,而且实践效果较好。村级民主建设的核心是要树立农民的主体性,而在操作步骤上需要有针对性、分阶段地推进。

It is difficult for the current village democracy system to overcome the practical problems in rural political society.The village democracy system innovation in Chengdu provides a feasible idea;its key point is focusing on the provision of village public goods,setting up villagers’councils and inputting public service funds,and mobilizing village multi-subjects to participate in democratic negotiation and decision making.The operation mechanism of this democratic system lies in:first,it stimulates the peasants’enthusiasm to participate through demand-oriented resource input;second,it coordinates and negotiates hierarchically within the framework of the organization and rules;and third,it balances the rights and obligations of the village’s multi-participatory subjects.Within the above-mentioned mechanisms,the village democracy system not only has lower operating costs,but also has better practical effects.The core of village democracy construction is to establish the peasants’subjectivity,and the operation steps need to be targeted and phased forward.