创伤与疗愈——列维纳斯与比昂的思想交汇

Trauma and Healing: Discussing from the Convergence of Levinas and Bion

在列维纳斯那里,传统哲学的永恒真理出现了与众不同的面向,它再也不是太阳,而是转瞬即逝的黑夜中的"闪耀"。一种作为思想基础的黑暗在思想背后涌现出来。这一点同样也可以在精神分析学家比昂那里窥见。比昂认为,爱欲(eros)只有通过弗洛伊德所谓"超越快乐原则"的重复,在"再一次"的痛苦中才能通过阿尔法(α)进程在黑暗中达成与其对象的融合。爱欲所朝向的对象,乃是一个永远无法完整企及的空无,它不是传统哲学所认为的超越对象,甚至也不是真理,它以其自身痕迹的方式,仅仅在瞬间为个体所承受。在此种与他者的会面中,个体不是去寻找一劳永逸地将他者排除自身的方法,而是在这个瞬间去承担他者。

The philosophy of Levinas stands for a different aspect of traditional thoughts of eternal truth.According to his thought,truth is the ephemeral shine in the night,rather than using the traditional metaphor of sun.As the foundation of thought,darkness comes forth behind the thought,which can be also seen in the oeuvres of Bion.In which he concerned,eros can only synthesize its object in the darkness by carrying out the repetition which exceeds the Freudian principal of pleasure,through the process ofα,in the suffering of once“again”.The object of eros is essentially an emptiness which can never be reached in its totality.It’s not a transcendental object assumed by traditional philosophy,neither a truth,for that only as paradoxically its own trace can it be understood by an individual.In this meeting with Other,the individual tries to undertake Other at this moment,rather than to look for a method in order to exclude it permanently.