水下爆炸下有限尺度平板的载荷特性及结构响应试验研究

Experimental Investigation on Load Characteristics and Structure Response of Finite-Size Plate Subjected to Underwater Explosions

为研究近结构边界下水下爆炸冲击波和气泡载荷特性,设计几种典型尺寸的平板模型,通过调整爆径比、平板厚度等参数,试验研究了水下非接触爆炸下的气泡脉动过程,分析平板边界处的低压流场特性,并基于应变分析获得了平板结构的局部及整体响应特征。研究发现:在近平板爆炸气泡的运动过程中,平板边界处会出现低压(负压)流场,低压维持时间约占气泡脉动周期的60%~80%,最大负压值可达0.1MPa;随着爆径比的减小,平板的最终变形由弹性变形、中垂变形向中拱变形转变。

In order to study the loading characteristics of underwater explosion shock wave and bubble near the structural boundary,we designed and tested several plate models.By changing the ratio of stand-off to the maximum bubble radius,the flat thickness and other parameters,we analyzed the bubble pulsation and the low-pressure flow field at the plate boundary,as well as the local and global response characteristics of the slab based on the strain analysis.The results show that a low-pressure(negative pressure)flow field appears at the boundary of the plate during the movement of the bubble in near-flat explosion.The duration of the low-pressure accounts for 60%-80%of the bubble pulsation period and the maximum negative pressure can reach 0.1 MPa.With the reduction of the ratio of stand-off to the maximum bubble radius,the final deformation of the plate changes from elastic and sagging deformation to hogging deformation.