学科作为生命体:一流学科建设的新视角

The discipline as a living organism:a new perspective of first-class discipline construction

学科及其群落都是生命体,学科生命体的核心构成是知识体系、学科建制与学术圈层。学科发育是在内因与外因的交互作用下实现生命体的进化与生长,学科建设必须走上一条顺应成长、助推发育的科学轨道。学科生命体发育的三种机理是内向发育、外向发育与集群发育。在一流学科培育中,环境、文化、资源、生态只是外因,必须经由生命体自我生产实践的环节来实现。一流学科建设的三大工作原则是学科本位、科际协同与管评服务。

Disciplines and their communities are all living organisms.The core components of the discipline's life are the knowledge system,discipline system and academic circle.Disciplinary development is to realize the evolution and growth of living organisms under the interaction between internal and external factors.Disciplinary construction has to embark on a scientific track that conforms to growth and boosts development.Three mechanisms of the development of the subject/s life are inward development,outward development and cluster development.In the cultivation of first-class disciplines,the environment,culture,resource and ecology are external factors,which must be realized through the links of life production and practice.Three working principles of first-class discipline construction are subject standard,inter-disciplinary collaboration,and management and evaluation services.