意大利来华方济会士康和子的《拉意汉词典》(1732)

Carlo Orazi da Castorano and His Dictionarium Latino-Italico-Sinicum(1732)

意大利方济会士康和子(Carlo Orazi da Castorano,1673—1755)由传信部派出,于1700年来华,在山东临清和北京海淀地区传教,后于1734年返回罗马,力劝教廷禁止"中国礼仪"。康和子还是当时公认的精通中国语言文化的传教士,留下大量关于汉语、汉籍方面的著述。1732年,康和子完成千页《拉意汉词典》手稿,现存两部稿本藏于梵蒂冈图书馆,后有五部抄本传入英国。在16到18世纪中期传教士汉外词典之中,康和子词典规模最大、内容最丰富、抄本最多、质量上乘,是一部中西语言、知识、思想交汇的语料库,也是百年传教士汉学发展积累之成果。

The Italian Franciscan Missionary Carlo Orazi da Castorano(1673-1755)was sent by Congregatio de Propaganda Fide to work in China.He arrived in China in 1700 and did missionary work in Linqing of Shandong province and then in Haidian of Peking.After returning to Rome in 1734,he persuaded the Roman Curia to forbid the practice of Chinese Rites among the Chinese Christians.Recognized as one of the most learned missionaries of Chinese language and culture at that time,he has left a lot of manuscripts about the Chinese language and books.In 1732,he finished the thousand-page manuscript Dictionarium Latino-Italico-Sinicum,two copies of which are now in Vatican Library and five transcriptions were later introduced into Britain.Compared with other missionaries manuscript lexicons made from the 16th to 18th centuries,Castorano s dictionary is larger,more complete in content,and higher in quality,with the largest number of transcriptions.It is a corpus of Chinese and Western language,knowledge and thought and represents the achievement of missionary sinology over the past century.