荚蒾属植物在武汉地区的引种调查及观赏性状评价

Investigation of Introduced Resources in Wuhan and Evaluation on Ornamental Characteristics of Viburnum Plants

为科学地开发利用武汉现有荚蒾属植物资源,对已引种的荚蒾属植物进行全面调查,并对成功保存的资源采用层次分析法进行观赏性状评价。结果表明:武汉市有引种的荚蒾属植物原生种共54种,20种不能适应当地环境而未能存活,剩余34种栽培表现良好。根据观赏目的不同,将这34种荚蒾分为观花方案、观叶方案和观果方案分别进行评价与分级,观花效果为Ⅰ级的有蝴蝶戏珠花、绣球荚蒾、琼花、蝶花荚蒾等6种,观叶效果为Ⅰ级的有短序荚蒾、法国冬青、珊瑚树、球核荚蒾等15种,观果效果为Ⅰ级的有短序荚蒾、蝴蝶戏珠花、琼花、台东荚蒾等8种,这些荚蒾今后可作为重点开发利用对象。本研究为荚蒾属植物在武汉地区的推广及应用提供了有意义的参考数据。

To promote rational exploitation of plant resources in viburnum genus,field investigations on the distribution and biodiversity of the viburnum plants in Wuhan city were conducted in this study.It was found that there were 55 kinds of the viburnum plants being introduced,34 species of them grow well,others all died due to unadaptable to the local environment.On the basis of the investigation and analysis of related factors of the 34 viburnum species,the AHP evaluation system model for evaluation of ornamental characteristics was established.With the evaluation system model,the ornamental values of the 35 viburnum species have been evaluated for 3 evaluation schemes of ornamental flowers,ornamental foliage and ornamental fruits.The results showed that 6 species including V.plicatum var.tomentosum,V.macrocephalum,V.macrocephalum'keteleeri',V.plicatum and et al obtained the higher scores for ornamental flowers than other species.Those 15 species of V.brachybotryum,V.odoratissimum var.awabuki,V.Plicatum var.tomentosum,V.propinquum and et al showed higher ornamental values of foliage.8 species including V.brachybotryum,V.plicatum var.tomentosum,V.macrocephalum'keteleeri',V.taitoense and et al got higher scores than other species in scheme of fruit.Those species should be regarded as the major developing resources.In summary,the evaluation results basically reflect the actual effect of ornamental plants and provides theory basis for guiding the further explorations on landscape application in Wuhan city.