日本都市再生制度研究

Study on the Urban Reconstruction System of Japanese Cities

日本为提高国民生活品质、提升城市经济及社会活力,于2002年制定《都市再生特别措施法》以应对城市负面遗产增多、自然灾害应对能力弱、城市活力下降等城市病问题,实施了放宽城市规划限制、国家支援基础设施建设、为企业提供经济支援等一系列政策。对日本都市再生的运行体系、政策法规、进展成果进行了系统的调查分析,得出其都市再生项目涉及城镇市民、空间结构、环境环保、产业经济等多重结构,侧重以经济发展为重心的城市更新和以生态保护为重心的生态建设,形成以政府为主导、企业为主体、与公共团体及居民相协调的运营体系,通过城市土地、基础设施、自然环境等的都市再生,促进城市经济活力,实现21世纪新型城市的目标。

In response to city diseases such as increasing negative urban heritage,deteriorating coping capacity against natural disasters,and reduced urban vitality,and in order to improve the living standard of the citizens and revitalize the urban economy and society,the Japanese government enacted the Urban Regeneration Special Practice Act in 2002.In addition,a series of policies,including relaxed constraints on urban planning,support for infrastructure construction from the state government,and provision of economic assistance for enterprises,were adopted.This study looks into the progress,outcomes,policies,laws,regulations and operation system with respect to urban regeneration of Japan in a systematic way.A conclusion is drawn that the urban regeneration program involves multiple structures,including urban residents,spatial structure,environmental protection and industrial economy,with particular emphasis laid on the urban renewal with economic development as the focus and ecological construction with ecological protection as the focus.The ultimate goal is to revitalize the urban economy and build the 21st century new cities through urban regeneration of urban land,infrastructure and natural environment,based on an operation system that coordinates with public groups and citizens,with the government as the lead and enterprises as the subject.