中国对外开放与对外贸易制度的变迁

Institutional Change of China's Foreign Trade and Opening-up

改革开放40年是我国对外贸易制度变迁的40年。我国对外开放从政策性开放走向有选择的制度性开放,再到全面制度性开放,我国对外贸易制度也跟随对外开放的步伐,由数量控制型制度走向规制型制度,再到中性开放型制度阶段。以开放促发展、不断转变政府职能、持续推行经济市场化和贸易自由化、坚持国际化、法制化方向改革对外贸易制度是我国对外开放及对外贸易制度改革的成功经验。目前我国进入到完善中性开放型贸易制度阶段,还应加快转变政府职能、推进国内统一市场和法制化建设,营造良好的竞争秩序和营商环境,以及积极应对中美贸易摩擦。

The 40 years of reform and opening-up are just the 40 years of China’s foreign trade institutional change.China’s opening-up process can be divided from policy-oriented to selective institutional-oriented,and then to comprehensive institutional-oriented.China’s foreign trade system has also followed the pace of openness,from a quantitative control system to a regulatory system,and then to the stage of neutral opens system.The experience of China’s opening-up and foreign trade institutional change are the development through openness,constantly changing the functions of the government,continually promoting economic marketization and trade liberalization,and reforming the trade system in the direction of internationalization and legalization.Now,China has entered the stage of perfecting the neutral and open trade system.We should also speed up the transformation of government functions,promote the construction of a unified domestic market and legalization,and create a good competition order and business environment,and actively deal with Sino-US trade friction.