重症肌无力相关自身抗体研究进展

Research Progress in Myasthenia Gravis Related Autoantibodies

重症肌无力(MG)是一种多因素调控的自身免疫性疾病,患者血清中自身抗体通过攻击离子通道蛋白和神经肌肉接头处的蛋白,从而影响神经肌肉之间的递质传递。对于MG患者血清中ACh R-Ab、Mu SK-Ab的检测已经广为人知。近年来研究发现,MG患者体内还存在其他自身免疫抗体,例如脂蛋白受体相关蛋白4抗体、兰尼定碱受体(Ry R)抗体、血清连接素(Titin)抗体和突触前膜(Prsm)抗体。尽管MG患者血清中ACh R-Ab、Mu SK-Ab和这些MG相关的肌肉自身抗体水平与疾病严重程度相关性并不明确,且在疾病发生中的作用机制尚不清楚,但为鉴定MG的亚型提供了重要依据。本文主要就重症肌无力相关自身免疫抗体有关的研究进展予以一些简要论述。

Myasthenia gravis(MG)is a multi-factor controlled autoimmune disease in which the autoantibodies in the patient's serum attack the ion channel proteins and other proteins at the neuromuscular junctions,result in affecting neurotransmitter transmission.Clinical symptoms mainly include fatigue,muscle weakness and so on.Detection of AChR-Ab and MuSK-Ab can provide an important basis for the diagnosis of MG disease.In addition,recent studies have found that there are other autoimmune antibodies in MG patients,such as lipoprotein receptor-associated protein 4 antibody,ryanodine receptor antibody,and serum Titin antibody.Presynaptic membrane(Prsm)antibody.Although the mechanism of action of these autoimmune antibodies in the pathogenesis of the disease is not clear,and the correlation between AChR-Ab,MuSK-Ab,and other MG-associated muscle autoantibody levels in serum of patients with MG and disease severity has not been proved.,it provides an important basis for the identification of subtypes of MG.This article reviews the research progress of myasthenia gravis-related autoimmune antibodies.