推动“两山”建设的环境经济政策着力点与建议

Work Point and Suggestions of Environmental Economic Policies based on the 'Two Mountains Theory'

"两山"理论指"绿水青山就是金山银山",是习近平生态文明思想的重要组成部分.以探讨环境经济政策如何更好地服务于"绿水青山"向"金山银山"转化为切入点,解释了"绿水青山""金山银山"的应有之义,明晰了"两山"理论的内涵,指明了"两山"建设的转化路径,并提出推动"两山"建设的环境经济政策着力点与政策建议.研究表明:(1)"两山"理论中,"绿水青山"是能够以绿色发展模式持续向"金山银山"转化的自然资源,"金山银山"是经济收入以及与收入水平关联的民生福祉,核心内涵为"青山金山同在、经济生态均强",二者间相互支撑、相互补充、相互转化;(2)如何将"绿水青山"高品质、高效率地转化为"金山银山",如何利用"金山银山"反哺、呵护"绿水青山"是"两山"建设的重要方面;(3)"两山"建设的转化路径包括增值生态资产、发展生态经济、加快传统产业转型升级、引进高端智慧产业、完善转化机制等五方面;(4)环境经济政策整体上可在对"绿水青山"本身的确权、价值核算以及价值回归、保护者与受益者利益调配、降低转化成本、培育绿色资本市场等层面发挥作用.

The‘Two Mountains Theory’(TMT),referring to the theory of‘Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains are Invaluable Assets’,is an integral part of Xi Jinping′s Thought on Ecological Civilization which emphasizes ecological sustainability while improving human wellbeing.In order to explore how environmental economic policies can better serve the transformation of 0x09‘lucid waters and lush mountains’(LWLM)into‘gold and silver mountains’(GSM),this paper explains the concept of‘LWLM’and‘GSM’,clarifies the connotations of the theory,indicates the path of the transformation,and puts forward the work point and suggestions for environmental economic policies to promote the application of the theory.The results show that:(1)The core connotation of the theory is that LWLM and GSM coexist and are supportive,complementary and transforming mutually as LWLM refers to the natural resources that can be sustainably utilized and transformed into GSM under the green development model,while GSM refers to the and well-being of the people and their livelihood.(2)How to transform LWLM into GSM with high quality and high efficiency,and how to draw support from GSM to protect LWLM is an important aspect of the TMT.(3)The transformation path includes protecting LWLM and increasing its value,developing the ecological economy,accelerating the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries,introducing high-end intelligent industries,and perfecting the transformation mechanisms.(4)Environmental economic policies as a whole can play a role in areas such as determination of property rights of LWLM,LWLM value accounting,how to make the LWLM value enter into the economic and social development truthfully,and how to make LWLM′s protectors benefiting from GSM,reducing the cost of transformation and cultivating the green capital market.