基于“双一流”争讨的高等教育发展根植性问题阐释

The Deep-rooted Issue of Higher Education Development Based on the Debate of“Double First-rate”

"双一流"建设既是对我国高等教育"985工程"、"211工程"的承继,更是在新时代背景下对高等教育建设的再谋划与创新,方案中提出的总量控制、开放竞争、动态调整机制,则是力图破解大学建设过程中的身份固化、缺乏竞争、千校一面和学科交叉重复等难题。但在实施过程中,社会各界对"双一流"的形式、程序、标准、名单等问题的争讨从未止息。以主客观二维分类予以澄清,争讨背后折射的是我国高等教育发展中教育资源需求与供给这一根植性问题。"双一流"着眼于高校与学科两个维度,以"一流大学"进一步夯实我国高等教育建设成果,以"学科"为基本单位实现特色学科、优势学科、一流学科的发展思路,推动教育资源在高等教育内部合理流动,构建高等教育内部层级交流机制和动态调整机制。

The construction of"Double First-rate"is not only the succession of the"985 project"and"211 project"of China's higher education,but also the re-planning and innovation of higher education construction in the new era.The total quantity control,open competition and dynamic adjustment mechanism proposed in the plan is aimed to solve the problems,such as identity solidification,lack of competition,one-size-fits-all universities and overlapping disciplines during the process of university construction.However,in the process of implementation,all sectors of the society have never stopped the dispute over the form,procedure,standard,list and other issues of"Double First-rate",which is clarified by both subjective and objective two-dimensional classification,reflecting the deep-rooted issue of education resource demand and supply in the development of China's higher education."Double First-rate"focuses on two dimensions of universities and disciplines,further strengthening the construction of our country's higher education by"first-class university",realizing the development strategy of the characteristic discipline,preponderant discipline and first-class discipline by regarding "discipline"as the basic unit,promoting reasonable flow of education resources within higher education,building internal hierarchy communication mechanism and the dynamic adjustment mechanism of higher education.