不同状态焦虑水平下跆拳道运动员的视觉搜索特征:来自ERP的证据

Visual Search Feature of Taekwondo Athletes at Different State Anxiety Levels:Evidence of ERP

探讨威胁启动条件下,不同状态焦虑水平跆拳道运动员的视觉加工特征。采用"专家-新手"范式,以真实比赛场景中的动态视频(威胁、非威胁)为启动刺激材料,通过事件相关电位技术,分别对低焦虑状态下(试验1:专家组、新手组各20人)和高焦虑状态下(试验2:专家组、新手组各20人)跆拳道运动员视觉加工早期阶段P1、N1成分进行考察。结果发现:(1)在低焦虑状态下,专家组在威胁启动条件下的反应准确率更高,相较于非威胁刺激,威胁刺激所诱发的P1波幅、潜伏期较短,N1波幅更长;(2)在高焦虑状态下,专家组在威胁启动条件下的反应时更短,相较于新手组,专家组在启动威胁刺激条件下所诱发的P1波幅更短,N1波幅更长。结果表明:较之低焦虑状态,高焦虑状态导致跆拳道运动员对威胁性信息更为敏感,在视觉加工的早期阶段投入的注意资源相对较少,自动化加工程度更高,并表现出显著的专家优势效应。

The current study examined visual search feature of Taekwondo Athletes under different state anxiety level.The"expert novice"paradigm,the dynamic video(threat,non-threat)were used as the stimulus material in the real game scene,through event-related potential technology,investigated Taekwondo athletes visual processing early stage of PI,N1 components under high anxiety(Experiment 1:expert group,novice group 20 people)and low anxiety(Experiment 2:expert group,novice group 20 people).Results showed that:l)In the low anxiety state,the response rate of the expert group was higher under the condition of threat priming.Compared with the non_threat stimulus,the PI amplitude and latency of the threat stimulus were shorter and the N1 amplitude was longer;2)In the state of high anxiety,the response time of the expert group under the threat priming condition was shorter.Compared with the novice group,the PI amplitude induced by the expert group under the threat stimulus condition was shorter and the N1 amplitude was longer;These results showed that taekwondo athletes are more sensitive to threat information,and have less attentional resources,higher automaticity and obvious expert advantages in the early stage of visual processing.