平顶山矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染特征及评价

Characteristics and evaluation of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil around Pingdingshan Mining Area

为探明平顶山煤矿区周围农田土壤重金属污染状况,对平顶山矿区周围农田土壤进行野外采样和室内分析,测定土壤重金属含量,并进行土壤重金属生物有效性分析和潜在生态风险评价。结果显示,土壤中Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd含量分别是潮土背景值的1.51、1.87、1.05和7.47倍,表明矿区周围农田土壤重金属出现不同程度的积累;由内梅罗综合污染指数法评价结果可知,土壤重金属整体处于轻度污染;潜在生态危害单项系数表明,各种重金属对土壤的污染程度依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr=Ni>Zn,污染最严重的是Cd,接近中等生态危害,其他重金属均属于轻微生态危害。

To understand the heavy metal pollution and bioavailability of farmland soil around the Pingdingshan coal mining area,field sampling and indoor analysis of farmland soil around the Pingdingshan coal mining area were conducted to determine the heavy metal content of the soil,and the soil bioavailability analysis and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals were conducted.The results showed that the contents of Cu,Pb,Zn,and Cd in the soil were 1.51,1.87,1.05,and 7.47 times higher than the background value of the fluvo-aquic soil,respectively,indicating that there were different degrees of accumulation of heavy metals in the farmland soil around the mining area;the soil contained effects on Cd adsorption.There are few factors,and plant samples have a strong ability to enrich them;the evaluation of the comprehensive pollution index method of Nemerow shows that the soil heavy metals are entirely in light pollution;the single factor of potential ecological damage shows that the pollution degree of various heavy metals to the soil In order of Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr=Ni>Zn,the most serious pollution is Cd,which is close to a moderate ecological hazard,and other heavy metals are minor ecological hazards.