鼓励按政策生育二孩的配套政策体系思考

Reflections on the Supporting Policy System of Encouraging Second Birth by Policy

全面二孩政策实施至今,在一定程度上促进了生育率的提升和人口数量的增加,但仍然没有达到预期效果。究其原因,主要是生育成本的攀升,女性职业的发展,公共服务的缺失,以及生育观念的转变等所致。因此,要加快推进与生育相关的教育政策、医疗政策、公共服务体系、生育保险和社会福利体系的构建与完善,降低家庭生育的直接成本和间接成本,缓解女性职业发展的压力,推动"全面二孩"生育政策的有效实施,促进我国人口长期均衡发展。

Since the implementation of the universal two-child policy,although it has contributed to the increase of the fertility rate and the increase of population,it has not achieved the desired effect.The reason is mainly because of the rising cost of reproduction,the development of female occupation,the lack of public services,and the changes in the concept of fertility.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the construction and improvement of education policy,medical policy,public service system,maternity insurance and social welfare system related to childbirth,to reduce the direct costs and indirect costs of family childbearing,alleviate the pressure of female career development,promote the effective implementation of the universal two-child policy,and promote the long-term balanced development of China’s population.