中国高等教育软实力的内涵及建设路径

Study on Constructing the China's “Soft Power of Higher Education”

党的十九大报告精神指出,中国要大力提高国家文化软实力,进而实现夯实全球竞争力和综合实力的根本目标。高等教育软实力作为国家文化软实力的重要组成部分,是推动国家综合实力水平的关键要素。建设中国高等教育软实力的提出,符合我国宏观国家战略和微观现实需求。通过探析中国高等教育软实力的理论源头和内涵要素可知,高等教育软实力理论的构成要素主要包括吸引力、竞争力和影响力,因而应从吸引力、竞争力、影响力等方面着手建设中国高等教育软实力,进一步发扬中国高等教育的吸引力、夯实中国高等教育的竞争力、传播中国高等教育的影响力。

According to the 19th National Congress of CPC,China should vigorously improve the national cultural soft power and consolidate the global competitiveness and comprehensive strength.The idea of soft power of higher education is one of the key elements to promote the level of comprehensive national strength.The establishment of China’s soft power of higher education is consistent with China’s macro national strategy and microcosmic realistic demand.In recent years,with the growing strength and influence of China in the world,colleges and universities in China have gradually begun to carry out international education exchanges and cooperation,and the demand for the construction of China’s higher education soft power has become increasingly prominent and urgent.International political theory,cultural theory and new institutional theory are considered as the theoretical sources for building the soft power of higher education.From the viewpoint of international political theory,the soft power of higher education emerges in the process of the development of the globalized society.It is the product of the game of the internal power distribution and external power in higher education.From the perspective of cultural theory,the soft power of higher education is a symbol of cultural strength,characterized by group,uniqueness,practicality and interactivity.From the perspective of neo-institutionalism,the soft power of higher education is considered as a communication organization system.Overall speaking,the soft power of higher education is a transitional and overlapping strength in the middle of communication between the rights of the external system and the internal system.It has also formed an interactive internal and external sensing mechanism.Therefore,the soft power of higher education refers to the competitive influence of higher education institutions or organizations at the core of culture,value and institutional attraction,to integrate the teaching elements and resources of higher education.The connotation of soft power of Chinese higher education originates from the cultural attribute,humanistic spirit and educational value orientation of education.As a carrier of culture,education integrates the multi-dimensional elements of educational subjects and educational objects,forming a comprehensive educational spirit and material carrier.In addition,the soft power of higher education in China is a cultural tension and cultural attraction.Through educational culture,it directs the overall impregnation of the subject of education and the object of education.Generally speaking,the three forces(attractiveness,competitiveness and influence)in the connotation of soft power of higher education have endogenous interaction and coupling.Attraction forms its own competitiveness through integrating culture,value and institutional attractiveness.It involves creating the comprehensive advantage and strength of objectivity.The construction path of China’s higher education soft power mainly includes:firstly,it discovers and carries forward the attraction of China’s higher education;secondly,it improves the competitiveness of Chinese higher education;thirdly,it popularizes and spreads the influence of China’s higher education and improve China’s higher education.The authority of China’s higher education and the prestige of China’s higher education are inherently associated with the practices and efforts of constructing soft power of higher education.To sum up,the concept of“soft power of higher education”has made up for the shortage of teaching concept and evaluation mechanism guided by hard resources.The soft power of higher education was born in the development process of the globalized society.It is the product of the game between power distribution and external power in higher education.In a word,the construction of China’s soft power of higher education is a new proposition that global education gives us,and it is also the inevitable outcome of China’s education power.