罗非鱼皮/鳞胶原蛋白肽加工性能及抗氧化性质比较研究

Comparative on Processing Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Tilapia Skin/Scales Collagen Peptides

为探究企业提供的5种不同标称分子量的罗非鱼鱼皮和鱼鳞胶原蛋白肽的加工性能及其抗氧化活性,对几种胶原蛋白肽产品的吸湿性、吸油性、乳化性、起泡性、还原力、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)以及羟自由基(·OH)清除效果进行了系统的研究比较。结果表明,采用凝胶渗透色谱(gel permeation chromatography,GPC)测得标称分子量为1、3、5 k Da罗非鱼鱼皮胶原蛋白肽的重均相对分子质量分别为823、1 196、2 753 Da,标称分子量为3、5 k Da罗非鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白肽重均相对分子质量分别为1 189、1 926 Da;标称为5 k Da的鱼鳞肽吸湿性最强,为0.26 g/g;标称为1 k Da的鱼皮肽吸油性最强,为2.57 m L/g;标称为5 k Da的鱼鳞肽乳化性最强,达到51.8%,5 h内乳化稳定性最优;5种产品的起泡性很接近,在165%~170%之间;60 min内,5 k Da的鱼皮肽和鱼鳞肽起泡稳定性均较好;以铁氰化钾还原法、超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·)和羟自由基(·OH)法对5种肽产品的抗氧化性进行分析显示,肽产品3种抗氧化能力均随样品浓度增大而增强;肽产品的还原力和O2-·清除效果略差于维生素C,5种产品中标称为1 k Da鱼皮肽的还原力最佳,标称5 k Da罗非鱼鱼鳞肽O2-·清除能力最佳;而标称3 k Da和5 k Da的罗非鱼鱼鳞胶原蛋白肽对羟自由基(·OH)的清除效果则比维生素C显优,其中5 k Da的鱼鳞肽对羟自由基(·OH)的清除效果最高达到84%;肽产品的抗氧化性与肽的分子量和来源有密切关系。研究表明,5种肽产品的标称分子量与实际分子量均有一定的差异,但具有良好的加工性和较好的抗氧化性,研究结果可为这5种肽的进一步开发利用提供支持。

In order to explore the processing properties and anti-oxidative activities of tilapia skin/scale collagen peptides with different nominal molecular weights,the properties such as hygroscopicity,oil absorption,emulsification,foaming property,reducing force,scavenging effect on O2-·and·OH were studied in the round.The results showed that the relative molecular weights of tilapia skin collagen peptides with the nominal molecular weight of 1,3,5 kDa were 823,1 196 Da and 2 753 Da respectively,and the relative molecular weights of tilapia scale collagen peptides with the nominal molecular weight of 3,5 kDa were 1 189 Da and 1 926 Da respectively.The tilapia scale collagen peptide with 5 kDa nominal molecular weight had the highest hygroscopicity of 0.26 g/g.The skin peptide with 1 kDa nominal molecular weight had the highest oil absorption of 2.57 mL/g.The 5 kDa scale peptide had the strongest emulsification,reached 51.8%and the best emulsion stability within 5 h.Foaming property of the five products were very close,between 165%and 170%.The skin peptide(5 kDa)and the scale peptide(5 kDa)had good foaming stability within 60 min.The antioxidant activity of the tested materials was analyzed by using the methods of potassium ferricyanide reduction,the superoxide anion(O2-·)and hydroxyl radical(·OH).The results showed that the three antioxidative abilities of peptide products were enhanced with the increase of sample concentration.Reducing force,scavenging effect on O2-·of the peptides were weaker than vitamin C,but the reducing power of 1 kDa tilapia skin collagen peptide was the best,the scavenging effect on O2-·of 5 kDa tilapia scale collagen peptide was the best in the five products.The scavenging effect on·OH of tilapia scale peptide(3 kDa and 5 kDa)were all better than vitamin C and the 5 kDa tilapia scale collagen peptide had the strongest scavenging ability with the highest clearance reaching 84%.The conclusion showed that the relative molecular weights were incompatible with the nominal molecular weights of the five peptide products,but the processabilities and antioxidation were good for other processed products.