佛山市三水区陶瓷行业职业有害因素评价及其对肺功能的影响分析

Evaluation of Occupational Harmful Factors in Ceramic Industry in Sanshui District of Foshan City and its Impact on Lung Function

目的:评估佛山市三水区陶瓷行业职业有害因素,分析其对肺功能产生的影响。方法:选取2015年2月-2017年6月佛山三水区3家陶瓷企业的工人300例为研究对象,测定生产性粉尘浓度,分析其对肺功能产生的影响。结果:粉尘作业中喷釉新线的总尘与呼尘浓度最高,其次为修坯、自检,原料(釉、坯)中的总尘与呼尘浓度最低;接尘组肺功能重度损伤率为27.78%明显高于不接尘组7.69%,肺功能正常率为33.33%明显低于不接尘组65.38%,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);>5.0年工龄、吸烟、接尘者肺功能损伤占比明显较高,是造成肺功能损伤的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:生产性粉尘是陶瓷行业的重要职业有害因素。

To evaluate occupational harmful factors of ceramic industry in Sanshui District ofFoshan City and analyze its influence on lung function.Method:A total of300workers from3ceramic enterprises inSanshui District of Foshan were selected from February2015to June2017.The concentration of productive dust was measured and the effects on lung function were analyzed.Result:The highest concentration of total dust and exhaled dust was found in the new line of spraying glaze,followed by repair billet and self-examination,and the lowest concentration of total dust and exhaled dust was found in raw materials(glaze,green).The severe injury rate of lung function in exposed group was27.78%,which was significantly higher than7.69%in non-exposed group,the normal rate of lung function was33.33%,which was significantly lower than65.38%in non-exposed group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Over5.0years of working age,smoking and exposure to pneumoconiosis accounted for a higher proportion of lung function injury,which was a risk factor for lung function injury(P<0.05).Conclusion:Productive dust is an important occupational harmful factor in ceramic industry