匀浆法提取新鲜玛咖中总生物碱的工艺优化研究

Optimization of homogenate extraction technology of total alkaloids from fresh maca

采用匀浆法从鲜玛咖块根中提取总生物碱,通过单因素试验研究了提取过程中乙醇浓度、匀浆时间、料液比对黄玛咖总生物碱得率的影响。通过正交试验确定黄玛咖最佳提取工艺条件,采用方差分析方法确定影响因素主次关系。结果表明:乙醇浓度和匀浆时间对黄玛咖总生物碱得率有显著影响,最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度80%、匀浆时间为5min、料液比1∶10(g/m L)。在此工艺条件下,测定3种颜色玛咖总生物碱得率,结果为紫玛咖4.458 mg/g,黑玛咖4.115 mg/g,黄玛咖2.856 mg/g。

The total alkaloids were extracted from fresh maca by homogenate extraction.The infl uences of ethanol concentration,homogenate time,solid-liquid ratio on the total alkaloids yield of yellow maca were investigated by single factor experiment.The optimum extraction conditions of total alkaloids of yellow maca were determined by orthogonal experiment and variance analysis were applied to analyze main infl uencing factors.The results showed that the ethanol concentration and homogenate time had significant effect on the total alkaloids yield of yellow maca.The most suitable parameter for the homogenate extraction were decided as follows:ethanol concentration 80%,homogenate time 5 min,the solid-liquid ratio of homogenate extraction 1∶10(g/mL).Under these conditions,the yield of total alkaloids from purple maca,black maca and yellow maca were 4.458,4.115,2.856 mg/g,respectively.