煤基乙醇催化剂的最新成果

Latest achievement of coal-based ethanol catalysts

燃料乙醇作为汽油的增氧剂和改良剂,可以降低汽车尾气中污染物含量。由煤经合成气可直接或间接制乙醇,主要路线有:(1)合成气直接制乙醇;(2)合成气经醋酸酯加氢制乙醇;(3)合成气经醋酸直接加氢制乙醇;(4)合成气经二甲醚羰基化-加氢制乙醇;等。本文主要介绍了几条煤基乙醇路线的重点催化剂研究的最新进展和技术工业化情况。虽然,这些合成路线有的已经工业化或已完成工业示范、中试,但仍需进一步加强催化剂的研发工作,以进一步改进生产工艺。

Fuel ethanol is used as an oxygen-increasing agent and a modifier for gasoline,which can reduce the content of pollutants in automobile exhaust gas.The ethanol could be syntheized from coal via syngas directly or indirectly,which includes serveral important routes:(1)direct synthesis of ethanol from syngas;(2)synthesis of ethanol by hydrogenation of acetic esters;(3)synthesis of ethanol by direct hydrogenation of acetic acid;(4)synthesis of ethanol by dimethyl ether carbonylation-hydrogenation;etc.This paper mainly introduces the latest research progress in the key catalysts for several coal-based ethanol routes and the industrialization status of these coal-based ethanol processes.Although some of these synthetic routes have been industrialized or have completed industrial demonstrations or pilot tests,it is still necessary to further strengthen the research and development of catalysts to further improve the production processes.