贵州高原石漠化敏感性与宏观地貌的空间关联分析

Analysis on spatial correlation between sensitivity of rocky desertification and macroscopic geomorphology in Guizhou Plateau

以中国南方典型喀斯特高原-贵州高原为研究区,通过构建石漠化敏感性评价指标体系及评价模型,利用GIS空间分析方法,对贵州高原石漠化敏感度的空间分布特征及其与宏观地貌类型的空间关联格局进行探讨。结果表明:(1)贵州高原石漠化敏感性以中高度敏感为主,占国土总面积的45.54%,生态环境脆弱,发生石漠化的概率较高;(2)不同等级敏感性之间均具有显著的正相关关系,不敏感等级与轻度敏感等级相关性在0.05水平上显著相关,轻度与中度、高度和极敏感等级之间相关系数均在0.9以上;(3)不敏感区域主要分布在低海拔平原、丘陵和台地区,轻度和中度敏感区域主要分布在高海拔丘陵、平原和台地,高度以上敏感区域主要分布在高、中、低山和河谷地区;(4)地形起伏度和海拔对于石漠化的敏感性在地貌类型上的空间分布起着重要的作用。

In this work,taking the typical karst plateau of Guizhou Plateau,southwest China,is used as the study area,we constructed an evaluation index system and evaluation model for assessing rocky desertification sensitivity,as well as established its spatial relation with different landform types.The results show that,(1)The sensitivity degree of rocky desertification in the karst area is mainly medium and high,accounting for 45.54%of the total land area,with a fragile ecological environment and high probability of rocky desertification;(2)There is highly positive correlation between different sensitivities of rocky desertification.The correlation between the low sensitivity and middle sensitivity is significantly correlated at the 0.05 level,and the correlation coefficient between mild and moderate,high and extremely large sensitivity is above 0.9;(3)The insensitive areas are mainly distributed in the areas of plain,hill and mesa,and the mildly and moderately sensitive ones are mainly distributed in hills,plains and platforms;while the regions with high sensitivity of rocky desertification are located in mountains and valleys;(4)The topographic relief and altitude play an important role in the spatial distribution of landform types of rocky desertification sensitivity.The results provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive management of karst rocky desertification.