恩施自治州农家的传统养猪与本体性安全

Farmers' Traditional Pig-raising and Ontological Security in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

本文探索湖北恩施州留守村民如何通过日常活动建设本体性安全。像我国众多农村一样,当地农户也经历了以空心化和碎片化为代表的社会巨变,但他们仍努力以打猪草为标志的传统养猪对抗社会变化带来的冲击和影响,在变化中建立一种相对的稳定。研究显示传统养猪让留守村民获得日常活动的程式化及空间上的秩序感,尤其是猪草及其相关的民间知识带来的连续性、可靠性和控制感,都有利于村民维持一种"独立但不孤立"的状态,有助于村民的本体性安全建设和村落社区的延续。

Through investigating the traditional pig-raising in Enshi Prefecture in Hubei province,this paper examines the relationship between villagers'daily activities and their ontological security.Like many other rural areas in China,villages in southwest Hubei have undergone rapid social changes in the past decades,represented by depopulation and social fragmentation.Villagers staying in rural areas have used traditional pig farming to deal with these changes,which helps them to set up relative stability in changes.The study shows that traditional pig-raising,especially the ethnobotanical knowledge associated with plants collected for pigs,brings villagers a strong feeling of temporal and spatial order,as well as continuity,reliability and control,which is essential to ontological security.It helps villagers to maintain a state of“independence without isolation”,which is conducive to the continuity of rural communities.