FTA知识产权保护与国际贸易:来自中国进出口贸易的证据

FTA Related IPR Protection and International Trade:Evidence from China

传统自由贸易协定(FTA)研究关注关税水平下降导致的贸易创造和贸易转移,随着新一代贸易投资规则从边界向后边界规则延伸,知识产权保护等条款对贸易流量和结构的影响越发重要。本文利用中国与16个已签署自贸协定国家产品层面的贸易数据,探讨含有知识产权保护条款的FTA对双边贸易的影响及作用机制。结果发现,含有知识产权保护条款的FTA使中国进出口更多知识产权密集型产品,对专利密集型和版权密集型产品贸易增长影响较大,不同行业所受影响存在差异,FTA引致贸易量增加主要通过数量途径实现。本研究表明,积极参与FTA知识产权条款的谈判,制定高标准国际贸易和投资规则,有利于中国挖掘贸易潜力和优化贸易结构,从而获取高水平开放的制度红利。

Traditional studies about the effects on FTA mainly focus on trade creation and diversion caused by the decrease of tariff levels.As the new rules of trade and investment extends from boundary to post-boundary,terms about the protection of intellectual property are becoming more and more important for trade flow and structure.This paper uses product-specific trade data from 16 countries which signed FTA agreement with China to discuss the influence and functioning mechanism of bilateral trade brought by FTA intellectual property protection clause.Results show that FTA with intellectual property protection clause makes China import and export more intellectual property intensive products.Further subdividing the form of intellectual property protection,China imports more patent intensive and copyright intensive products while exporting more trademark intensive products.The influence of strengthening the protection of intellectual property on import and export varies from industry to industry,and the increase of intellectual property intensive products'trade volume caused by FTA heavily depends on quantity rather than price.This paper proves that taking active participation in negotiation of international intellectual property terms and creating a high standard of international trade and investment rules are beneficial for excavating trade potential in our country and optimizing the industrial structure,so as to obtain high level opening dividends.