茶树修剪物还田方式对茶园土壤性质及细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of different returning modes of tea plant pruning materials to field on soil properties and bacteria community in tea plantation

【目的】分析茶树修剪物还田方式对茶园土壤理化性质及细菌群落结构的影响,为茶园管理及施肥提供参考依据。【方法】采集种植茶树多年的土壤与茶树修剪物进行室内共培育,利用高通量测序技术和生物信息学方法分析其土壤特性及细菌群落丰富度、多样性和群落结构。【结果】茶树修剪物还田120 d后,可在一定程度上提高茶园土壤p H和有机碳、速效磷、微生物生物量碳含量及脱氢酶活性;相对于对照(CK)组,茶树修剪物深埋20~30 cm后可提高土壤pH 10.96%、有机碳含量43.51%、速效磷含量17.66%、脱氢酶活性59.89%及微生物生物量碳33.06%。相关性分析结果表明,pH与有机碳、速效磷、微生物生物量碳含量和脱氢酶活性间存在交互影响。茶树修剪物还田能提高土壤细菌群落丰富度,显著提高土壤细菌多样性(P<0.05)。同时,修剪物还田对土壤细菌属群落结构影响明显,对土壤中硝化细菌生长具有促进作用;以鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)为代表的纤维素分解性细菌为优势菌种。【结论】茶树修剪物采用深埋方式还田可有效改良茶园土壤的理化性质,增加其细菌多样性和菌落种类,提高其细菌群落活性,以深埋20~30 cm的效果更佳。

【Objective】The effects of different returning modes of tea plant pruning material to field on soil properties and bacteria community in soil were explore to provide theoretical basis information for future studies on tea garden management and fertilization.【Method】By means of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis,an indoor co-incubation experiment was conducted with tea plant pruning as material,and soils were collected from tea plantation to explore the effects of different returning modes of tea plant pruning material to field on soil properties,richness and diversity as well as structure changes in bacteria community in soil.【Result】The enhanced effects on the pH,organic carbon,rapid available phosphorus,microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase enzyme activity were determined after tea plant pruning material returned to soil for 120 days.Compared with control(CK),deep burying pruning material at 20-30 cm could increase soil pH value by 10.96%,organic carbon content by 43.51%,rapid available phosphorus content by 17.66%,dehydrogenase activity by 59.89%and microbial biomass carbon by 33.06%respectively.Correlation analysis showed that pH,organic carbon,rapid available phosphorus,microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase enzyme activity had interaction effects.Pruning material returned to field promoted the richness of bacterial community,and significantly increased diversity of bacterial community(P<0.05).In addition,pruning material retuned to field significantly affected bacterial community structure and accelerated the growth of nitrifying bacteria in soil.Moreover,cellulolytic bacteria,such as Sphingomonas was the dominant bacteria.【Conclusion】This study demonstrates that the returning tea plant pruning material to field with a deep burying mode can improve soil properties of tea plantation,increase bacteria species and diversity,and promote the activity of soil bacteria in tea plantation.