白云山国家森林公园大型真菌物种多样性与环境的关系

Relationship between macrofungal diversity and environment in Baiyun Mountain forest park

参照美国史密森研究院热带林业研究中心(CTFS)的大样地建设与监测技术规范,在白云山国家森林公园建立1个5 hm2长期监测固定样地,于2016年5—10月期间每月对样地内的大型真菌进行实地调查。采用形态分类的方法系统研究样地内大型真菌的物种组成和多样性;测量相关环境数据,分析大型真菌的发生与环境的关系;探索大型真菌的发生与生长季节变化的相关性。结果表明:鉴定到种的有217种,隶属于33科103属,具有10个种以上的科有6个科,共计166种,占白云山大型真菌种类总数的76.5%;凹凸度、平均海拔、林隙分数3种环境因子对大型真菌的影响较大,样地内大多数大型真菌生境偏好相似;大型真菌的多样性和数量在5—8月整体呈增加趋势,多样性在7月达到峰值,数量在8月达到峰值。

We used the American Smithen Institute CTFS(Center for tropical forest science)sample area construction standards to build a long-term monitoring plot of 5 hm 2 in Baiyun Mountain Forest Park,and surveyed the macrofungi in the quadrat once a month from May to October in 2016.We investigated the species’composition and diversity of macrofungi in the quadrat using the method of morphological classification.At the same time,the correlative environmental data were measured to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of macrofungi and the environment,and to explore the habitat characteristics of macrofungi and their correlation with seasonal changes by the temporal variation.The results indicate that there are 217 species of macrofungi collected in the quadrat belonging to 33 families and 103 genera.The species is diversity at Baiyun Mountain.There are 6 families that have 10 or more species,in which possess 166 species,accounting for 76.5%of the total species of macrofungi in the plot.Environmental factors affect the occurrence of macrofungi,in this factors,the average convex,the average elevation,and gap fraction prominently influence on macrofungi.Most of the macrofungi chooses similar habitat in the plots.The abandance of macrofungi reveals substantial fluctuation from May to October,Meanwhile the peak appear at August in 2016.