渤海金州湾石线岛海域斑海豹种群动态初步调查

Quantitative Statistics and Behavioral Observation of Spotted Seal in Waters around Shixian Island of Jinzhou Bay in Bohai Sea

2011、2012年的3—5月,采用目视观察和拍照观察相结合的方法,对金州湾石线岛及周边海域斑海豹栖息地的斑海豹种群进行了数量统计和行为观察。观察发现,2011年,3月中下旬斑海豹数量较多,最多为3月22日观察到的247头,4月中旬至5月初斑海豹数量逐渐减少。2012年,3月29日观察斑海豹数量最多,为221头,随后逐渐减少。斑海豹日间不同时段观察数量变化较大,上午观察到斑海豹数量较多,尤其是5:00—7:00,为日间观察到斑海豹数量最多时段。斑海豹在金州湾石线岛有交配、抚育幼崽的行为,说明石线岛是斑海豹良好的栖息地。本研究为未来金州湾石线岛斑海豹的种群动态研究提供基础数据。

Quantitative statistics and behavioral observation of spotted seal(Phoca la rg h a)were conducted through visual and photo observation in the waters around Shixian Island in Jinzhou Bay from March to May in 2011 and 2012.Results showed that more spotted seals were observed in late March in 2011 than in the other days,with the maximal number of 247 on 22nd of March,then decline in the following days until mid-April and early May.Peak population number of 221 was found in 29 March,2012,with decrease in population number since mid-April.Haul out pattern of spotted seal was found to be varied at different hours,with the optimal observation of spotted seal in the morning,especially from 5:00 am to 7:00 am.The data analysis revealed that there was higher maximal population number in 2011 than that in 2012.The behaviors of mating and nurturing cubs were observed in the Shixian Island,indicating that the waters around Shixian Island is a better habitat for spotted seal.The finding provides basic data for future study on population dynamics of spotted seal in Shixian Island.