丧葬仪式与情感表达:西方表述与中国经验

Funeral Ritual and Emotional Expression: Western Discourse and Chinese Experience

丧葬仪式是人类学经典主题之一,是考察不同族群社会运作、宗教信仰、生死观等社会文化议题的重要切入点。同时,死亡所引发的恐惧、悲痛、虚无感等各种社会及个人情感,也为人类学研究情感提供了良机。西方对这一主题的研究围绕着多样性与强制性两个方面,这同中国研究领域内关于正统信仰的争论相呼应,揭示出西方研究者的立论基石为现代自我观念。由此也表明,将中国丧葬仪式中的情感表达重新问题化,需要其他路径。

One of the classic themes of anthropology,funeral ritual offers an important perspective on social and cultural issues such as social operation,religious beliefs and concepts of life and death in various ethnic contexts.Meanwhile,social and personal emotions caused by death,e.g.fear,grief and nihilism,also provide a good opportunity for anthropological study of emotions.Western scholars in related fields focus on diversity and compulsiveness.These two aspects correspond with the debate on orthodoxy in China studies,which reveals that modern self-concept is the cornerstone of Western researchers.arguments.This fact also indicates that we need to find other ways to re-problematize emotional expression in Chinese funeral rituals.