黄渤海近海海藻养殖规模及固碳强度时空分布

Temporal and spatial distributions of carbon sink capacity and scale of algae culture in the Yellow and Bohai Seas

定量研究黄渤海近海大型经济海藻的面积、产量及其固碳能力和空间分布,对海洋牧场建设和海藻固碳强度研究具有重要意义。基于2001—2016年《中国渔业统计年鉴》和2016年《山东渔业统计年鉴》数据,对2001—2015年黄渤海近海和全国近海养殖大型经济海藻的产量、面积及结构进行了对比分析,采用CCI指数计算了黄渤海近海及全国近海大型经济海藻的固碳能力,并分析了2016年山东省养殖海藻的空间分布特征。研究表明:2001—2015年海藻养殖面积、产量整体呈上升趋势,其中全国海藻养殖面积在2005—2007年,产量在2006—2007年出现间断性下降,黄渤海海藻养殖面积在2005—2007年,产量在2001—2003年、2005—2008年出现阶段性下降;黄渤海近海海藻养殖产量占全国近海海藻养殖产量年均约45.53%,固碳总量占全国海藻固碳总量年均约51.75%,其中裙带菜,海带及紫菜为黄渤海海藻养殖的主要经济藻类;以山东省为典型省份的海藻固碳强度在海岸带间表现出明显的空间分布差异,其中威海市荣成区域人工养殖海藻固碳总量最多。

A quantitative understanding of the economic yield,area,carbon sequestration capacity,and spatial distribution of large coastal commercial algae production is of great significance to the construction of marine ranches and our understanding of carbon sequestration in coastal waters.Based on data from the China Fisheries Statistics Yearbook in 2001–2016 and the 2016 Shandong Fisheries Statistics Yearbook,we compared and analyzed the yield,area,and structure of large commercial algae productions in the Yellow and Bohai Seas and in China overall.Using the commodity channel index(CCI)index,we calculated the carbon sequestration capacity of large commercial algae production in the Yellow and Bohai Seas.The results showed that in 2001–2015,the marine algae culture area and yield exhibited an overall upward trend,including increases in the national marine algae culture area from 2005–2007,intermittent decline in the yield in 2006–2007,and phase declines in the Yellow and Bohai Seas marine algae culture area from 2005–2007 and in the yields from 2001–2003 and 2005–2008.From 2001–2015,the yield of algae culture in Yellow and Bohai Seas averaged about 45.53%of that of China overall,and the annual carbon sequestration capacity was about 51.75%.Undaria pinnatifida,Laminaria japonica,and Porphyra are the main commercial algae farmed in the Yellow and Bohai Seas.Algae cultivation in Shandong Province,as an example of a typical province,showed obvious spatial distribution differences in the coastal zone,with the largest total amount of carbon fixation by artificial cultured algae found in Weihai,Rongcheng.