制药企业专利在华产业化研究

Research on Industrialization of Pharmaceutical Enterprises' Patents in China

[目的/意义]专利产业化是提升制药企业竞争力最有效的外部途径,研究中国药品专利产业化程度以及所存在的问题,对于掌握中国制药行业的创新现状和规划未来发展方向具有显著意义。[方法/过程]检索国内外制药企业2007年-2016年在华药品专利信息,根据保护客体进行分类,分别进行研发来源和产业化研究。[结果/结论]专利受让是企业获得原始创新专利的主要途径、自主研发是企业获得增量创新专利的主要途径、原始创新专利产业化数量少于但效率高于增量创新专利、内资企业的增量创新专利数量多但产业化程度低、外资企业受让增量创新专利目的多元化。建议内资企业通过增加基础技术累积提升原始创新能力、增强以战略持有为目的的专利受让,同时中国政府进一步完善当前专利资助模式以及弱化专利的非商品属性等方面入手,解决当前内资企业药品专利产业化所面临的问题。

[Purpose/Significance]Patent commercialization is the most effective external way to enhance the competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies.It is of great significance to research the amount and the problem of Chinese pharmaceutical patents for understanding the present situation and planning the direction for future development of China's pharmaceutical industry.[Method/Process]The author searches data of pharmaceutical enterprises'patents from 2007 to 2016 in China,then classifies the patent data according to protected objects,and researches R&D source and industrialization of patents.[Result/Conclusion]It is founded that the enterprises obtain the radical innovation patents by transferring them and the increment innovation patents by R&D.The number of industrialization of the radical innovation patents is less than the increment innovation patents,but the industrialization rate of the radical innovation is higher.More increment innovation patents held by the domestic enterprises but less industrialization.There are different aims for the foreign enterprises to obtain the increment innovation patents or transfer them.The domestic enterprises should improve innovation capability by increasing the accumulation of basic research and transfer the patents for strategy.The Chinese government should further improve the current patents subsidy model and weaken the non-commodity attributes of patents,to solve the problems faced by domestic enterprises in the industrialization of pharmaceutical patents.