基于联合国气候变化大会的英国主流媒体涉华舆情研究

Research on British Mainstream Media's China-related Public Opinions During UN Climate Change Conferences

[目的/意义]英国主流媒体在气候大会期间的涉华报道是全方位、多角度地了解国际社会对中国的看法与立场的重要渠道之一,亦是观察英媒塑造中国形象的重要窗口。[方法/过程]结合Van Leeuwen和Van Dijk的批评话语分析方法,基于三家英国主流媒体在2013-2017年气候大会期间的90篇涉华报道,从英媒对中国社会主体及其活动的话语表述,报道的宏观结构选择及超结构安排三个层面来开展分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,2013-2017年英媒对中国形象的构建经历了从负面逐渐转向正面的演变:英媒报道中的中国从冷酷的经济利益至上者,生态文明的摧毁者逐渐变成全球环境治理中的积极行动者,值得期待的世界气候事务领导者以及对气候谈判具有建设性贡献的重要角色。英媒报道的转变最先出现于2016年,在2017美国正式退出《巴黎协定》之后变得更为明显。2016年至今是中国国家形象塑造的战略机遇期,中国应当把握时机,在环境与气候事务上努力改善国际社会中的中国形象,为中国未来环境治理的推进与全球领导力的塑造营造更加良好的国际舆论环境。

[Purpose/Significance]British media coverage about China during UN Climate Change Conferences is one of the most important sources to acquire the world's views and attitudes toward China,and it also serves as an essential platform to examine China's national image.[Method/Process]Using Van Dijk's news discourse analysis framework and Van Leeuwen's new tools for critical discourse analysis,this study analyzes 90 articles related to China from 3 British mainstream media during UN Climate Change Conferences in the period of 2013-2017.[Result/Conclusion]Results show that,the construction of China's national image by the British media in the period has undergone a gradual transformation:China is not a ruthless supporter of economic supremacy or a terminator of human civilization any more,it has become an active participant in global environmental governance,an expectant leader in international climate change issues and a constructive power in climate change talks.The transformation of British media's report began in the year of 2016 and became more salient after the U.S.officially announced its retreat from the Paris Agreement in 2017.It is China's prime time to rebuild its national image from 2016 to the present.China should seize this precious opportunity and waste no time to improve its image especially on environment and climate issues,and to create a better international circumstance for its future environment governance and leadership.