货运场站机动车污染物排放监测及污染特征研究

Pollutant Emission Monitoring and Pollution Characteristics of Motor Vehicles in Freight Stations

货运场站是大量货车的集散场地,在交通基础设施中属于车辆尾气排放高污染区。通过对货运场站机动车污染物排放的实时监测获得了货运枢纽的环境基础数据。研究了场站内货物装卸区、内部道路交叉口以及出入口等3种功能区域的排放特征,发现氮氧化物和颗粒污染物浓度与车流量呈显著性正相关;车流量中大中型货车的通行比例对氮氧化物和颗粒物排放影响显著;叉车作业时增加污染物排放是场站内装卸区域污染较重的重要原因。

Freight station is the distribution field of a large number of trucks,which belongs to high emission pollution area in transportation infrastructures.Through the real-time monitoring of vehicle emission from freight stations,the environmental basic data of freight hub were obtained.The emission characteristics of three functional areas such as cargo handling area,internal road intersection and entrances and exits were studied.It is found that the concentration of NO x and PM is positively correlated with the traffic flow;the proportion of large and medium-sized trucks in traffic flow has a significant effect on NO x and PM emissions;the increasing pollutant discharge during forklift operation is an important reason for heavy pollution in loading and unloading area of the station.