超声技术在降解药物活性化合物中的应用

Application of ultrasonic technology to the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds

超声降解技术是一种新型的氧化技术,该技术利用超声波的空化作用、声致自由基氧化和超临界水氧化强化污染物降解反应的进行,通过反应产生的强氧化性自由基——羟基自由基(·OH)对药物活性化合物进行羟基化、脱卤、去甲基化、脱羧、脱氨等作用,将其氧化成无毒害物质。从超声降解药物活性化合物的作用机理、主要影响因素及超声与其他水处理技术联用方面进行综合性阐述,并指出超声技术在今后大规模化应用中需解决的问题和发展方向。

Ultrasonic degradation technology is a new type of oxidation technology,which uses ultrasonic wave cavi tation effect,acoustic free radical oxidation,and supercritical water oxidation,for strengthening the implementation of the degradation reaction of pollutants.The strong oxidizing free radicals-hydroxyl radicals(·OH)produced by the reaction have effects,such as hydroxylation,dehalogenation,demethylation,decarboxylation and deamination,etc.on pharmaceutical activated compounds,which oxidize pharmacologically active compounds to become nontoxic and harmless substances.In this paper,a comprehensive discourse in the aspects of the mechanism of ultrasonic degrada tion of pharmacologically activated compounds,the main influencing factors,and the combination of ultrasonic and other water treatment technologies is presented.In addition,the problems to be solved and developing directions of ultrasonic technology in largescale application in the future are pointed out.