伴糖尿病牙周炎的治疗进展

Therapeutic progress of diabetic periodontitis

我国糖尿病发病率逐年增加,牙周炎作为糖尿病的重要并发症,严重影响人民生活健康。牙周炎与糖尿病之间存在密切的生物学联系。牙周炎患者患糖尿病及其并发症的风险大大提高;糖代谢水平过高也会促进炎症反应,影响牙周健康。近年来,伴糖尿病牙周炎的治疗越来越受到重视,识别患糖尿病的高危人群,提高糖尿病患者牙周炎的筛查诊断率及其预防和控制是临床难点,也是对口腔医生的新挑战。对伴糖尿病牙周炎的深入探究,提倡健康的全身和口腔管理策略,能为临床中牙周炎和糖尿病的防治提出新的方向。本文从全身和局部的角度,从伴糖尿病牙周炎的临床及流行病学特点、伴糖尿病牙周炎的生物学和遗传学特征及其治疗现状和进展进行论述,为研究伴糖尿病牙周炎的预防和治疗措施开辟新的思路。

In China,the prevalence of diabetes is increasing each year.Diabetic periodontitis,as a major complication of diabetes,retains a strong bidirectional correlation with diabetes.Periodontitis increases the risk of diabetes,and hyperglycemia aggravates periodontal inflammation.In recent years,efficient treatments for diabetic periodontitis have been increasingly emphasized,and the prevention and control of diabetic periodontitis remain difficult.It is very challenging to find the best way to recognize risk factors and increase the diagnosis rate.Deeply understanding the local and systematic biological features of diabetic periodontitis could lead to the development of clinical preventive and therapeutic strategies.This article reviews the clinical and biological characteristics of diabetic periodontitis and its treatment progress from a systemic and local perspective,with the aim of extending the work on the prevention and treatment strategies for diabetic periodontitis.