牙周炎与全身系统性疾病关系的研究现状

Research status of the relationship between periodontitis and systemic disease

牙周炎是危害人类口腔健康的常见感染性疾病,是牙齿缺失的主要原因。牙周局部炎症会破坏上皮的完整性,导致牙周致病菌扩散到循环系统。同时牙周袋内含有大量的炎症介质,尤其是与慢性炎症相关的炎症介质,如肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素以及前列腺素均会从牙周袋进入血液循环系统从而引起系统性炎症反应。牙周炎与全身系统性疾病,包括心血管系统、内分泌系统、呼吸系统、免疫系统、神经系统等疾病的发生发展密切相关。炎症反应及其释放的炎症因子可能是牙周炎与多种系统性疾病关联的机制。本文就牙周炎与全身系统性疾病关系的研究现状做一综述。

Periodontitis is a common infectious disease that is harmful to human oral health and is the main cause of tooth loss.Periodontal inflammation can damage the integrity of the epithelium,causing periodontal pathogens to spread to the systemic circulation,and the periodontal pocket contains a large number of inflammatory mediators,especially those related to chronic inflammation,such as tumor necrosis factor?α,interleukins and prostaglandins,which will enter the blood circulation system from periodontal pocket and cause systemic inflammatory response.Periodontitis is closely related to the occurrence and development of systemic diseases,including cardiovascular,endocrine,respiratory,immune,and nervous systems.Inflammatory responses and inflammatory factors may be the mechanism of the association between periodontitis and multiple systemic diseases.This article reviews the current research on the relationship between periodontitis and systemic disease.