在线开放课程学分认定:形式、问题与建议

Credit Recognition of Online Open Course:Forms,Issues,and Suggestions

近年来,在线开放课程在世界范围迅速兴起,拓展了教学时空,颠覆了教学传统,正引领一场教育的大变革。在线开放课程学分如何认定是这场教育变革中亟待解决的问题之一。文献研究和实地调研表明,目前国内在线开放课程学分认定有三种形式:自建课程的自我认定、引入外校课程的合作认定以及基于高校联盟的校际学分互认。学分认定过程中遇到的主要问题是:在线开放课程质量参差不齐、标准不一;高等学校的学分管理机制尚不完善;在线学习的可信度与有效性受到质疑。为此,文章建议建立在线开放课程质量保障体系,保证课程质量;完善高校学分管理体系,给在线开放课程以合法身份;发展第三方学分评估机构,对学分在线开放课程统一进行学分认证;加强对学习者在线学习和考核的监管,保障学习有效性与可信度。

In recent years,online open courses have sprung up around the world,expanding the time and space of teaching,subverting the teaching tradition,and leading a major revolution in education.The identification of online open course credits is one of the most urgent issues in this educational reform.Literature review and field research show that there are three major forms of online open course credit recognition:the self-recognition of self-built courses in colleges and universities,the recognition of cooperation in the introduction of external schools by universities,and the mutual recognition of inter-college credits based on university alliances.The main problems encountered in the credit recognition process are:the quality of online open courses is uneven and the standards are different.The credit management mechanism of higher education institutions is still not perfect,and the credibility and effectiveness of online learning are questioned.To this end,we propose to establish an online open course quality management system to ensure the quality of the course;to improve university’s credit management system,to give the online open course legal status;to develop a third-party credit evaluation agency,and to conduct credit certification for the online open course.The supervision of learners'online learning and assessment ensures the effectiveness and credibility of learning.