略论道光朝京师学者的学术交游——以魏源和曾国藩为例

Making Friends of Scholars in the Capital in the Daoguang Era:Such as Wei Yuan and Zeng Guo-fan

道光朝是一个特殊的历史时期,政治、社会和学术有了前所未有的变化,对此时学者的学术交游不无影响。经世致用成为联结不同学术倾向学者的一个重要纽带,对时政的关注淡化了学者心中的派别意识,学者的学术交游在更广阔的范围展开。然而,这种变化不是对所有学者都适用。魏源和曾国藩有机会却终生没有交集,表现出道光朝京师学者交游的另一历史面貌。经世致用和汉宋调和的时代潮流并没有促成魏源和曾国藩相识相交,迥异之性情和政治立场又构成阻碍二人结交的消极因素。

Daoguang era is a special historical period,an unprecedented change not only had taken place in its politics,society and learning but also had produced important influence on making friends of scholars.Statecraft played an important part in uniting the scholars of different schools and the consciousness of school was indifferent because of paying a good deal attention to the political situation,so making friends of scholars were expanded.But the change did not always play a positive role in making friends of scholars.making friends of scholars between Wei Yuan and Zeng Guo-fan presented another historical appearance.Statecraft and the compromise between the Han and Song learning did not help Wei Yuan to associate Zeng Guo-fan.The difference of temperament and political stand made a negative factor to prevent from making friend between Wei Yuan and Zeng Guo-fan.