国外数字人文研究演进及发展动向——基于哈佛大学图书馆馆藏相关专著的梳理

Research on Digital Humanities Development outside of China and its Prospective Trend——based on the print collections from Harvard University Library

数字人文在近十年发展迅速,但也经历了比较长的演进过程。从不同视角厘清数字人文的历史脉络、主要事件、实践活动及其相互关系,有助于研究者及实践者更好地把握未来可能引起的变化及其相互之间的影响,也有助于国内对于国外、尤其是北美和欧洲数字人文发展的了解和研究。文章主要采用书目文献调研与学术史研究相结合的方法,选取哈佛大学图书馆馆藏从1971年出版至今近170种数字人文相关学术专著进行梳理与文本分析,总结了数字人文的内涵及有代表性的英文提法及概念阐述。从时间线索、学术团体及其学术活动这两个层面,分别阐述了数字人文的历史发展脉络、在欧洲及北美等国家的现状与实践进展,得出了数字人文起源与发展的7个重要时间节点。结合当前的时代背景,研究认为合作与跨领域数字人文、数字人文与教育、图书馆与数字人文、数字人文与文化遗产是数字人文研究的发展动向。

The Digital Humanities has been developing rapidly in the latest decade,but it has also undergone a long process of evolution.Clarifying the historical context,major events,practical activities and their interrelationships of Digital Humanities from different perspectives helps researchers and practitioners better grasp the future changes that may be caused and their mutual influence,and also contribute to domestic understanding and research on Digital Humanities development abroad,especially in North America and Europe.Based on investigation and text analysis of nearly 170 kinds of Digital Humanities academic monographs from Harvard University Library which published from 1971 till now,this paper combines the method of bibliographic research and research on academic history.From the timeline,academic community and academic activities,the two aspects respectively explain the historical development context and the status quo and practice progress in Europe and North America.In combination with the current background of the times,the development trends are proposed.The author summarized the connotation of Digital Humanities,representative English formulation and conception and seven important time nodes of the origin and development of Digital Humanities,and then sorted out some representative academic groups and their academic activities and at last focused on four aspects to expound the current status of Digital Humanities.The important development directions are:cooperation and interdisciplinary Digital Humanities,Digital Humanities and pedagogy,libraries and Digital Humanities,Digital Humanities and cultural heritage.