酵母多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响

Effect of yeast polysaccharide on growth performance,immune function and intestinal flora of weaned piglets

文章旨在探讨断奶仔猪日粮中添加酵母多糖对其生长性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响。试验选取21日龄断奶的断奶仔猪(杜×长×大)72头,随机分为3组,每组24头仔猪,分4个猪圈饲养,每个猪圈6头仔猪。3组分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组),基础日粮中添加金霉素(抗生素组),基础日粮中添加酵母多糖(酵母多糖组),试验为期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,抗生素和酵母多糖显著提高了断奶仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),且具有降低断奶仔猪腹泻率的趋势(P=0.069);与对照组和抗生素组相比,酵母多糖显著提高了断奶仔猪血清中Ig M水平(P<0.05),但对Ig A和Ig G水平无显著性影响(P>0.05);饲料中添加抗生素组和酵母多糖可以显著降低断奶仔猪盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05),但与抗生素组相比,酵母多糖显著提高了盲肠中双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加酵母多糖可以显著提高断奶仔猪的生产性能,降低腹泻率,抑制肠道有害菌的生长,具有良好的替抗效果。

This study was conducted to study the effects of supplementation of yeast polysaccharide on growth performance,immune function,and intestinal microflora in weaned piglets.Seventy-two weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)were randomly divided into 3 groups,each group of 4 replicates with 6 piglets per replicate.The three group were fed with basal diets(control treatment,CT),basal diets+aureomycin(antibiotics treatment,AT),basal diets+yeast polysaccharide(yeast polysaccharide treatment,YT).The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of weanling piglets in AT and YT were significantly increased(P<0.05),and had a tendency to reduce the rate of diarrhea in weaned piglets(P=0.069).Compared with the CT and AT,YT significantly increased the level of IgM in the serum of weaned piglets(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on the level of IgA and IgG(P>0.05).Compared with CT,the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the caecum of weanling piglets was significantly reduced by AT and YT(P<0.05),but the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in cecum could be significantly increased by YT when compared with AT(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding yeast polysaccharide in the diets can significantly improve the production performance of piglets,reduce the diarrhea rate,inhibit the growth of intestinal harmful bacteria,and have good growth promoting effect.Yeast polysaccharide will be a kind of potential alternative for antibiotics.