抗战中的西方记者与延安形象

Western Journalists and the Image of Yan'an in the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期,在延安形象的塑造与传播中,西方记者的报道起到举足轻重的作用。通过梳理大量一手史料认为,抗战的爆发提供了打破国民党对西北红区信息封锁的契机,而延安与西方记者两个方面出自各自的需要达成默契:让外界知晓延安。而延安形象的完整化经历三个阶段:埃德加·斯诺最先揭开了延安的面纱;1937—1939年众多西方记者进入西北采访,丰富了延安形象;1944年"中外记者西北参观团"赴延安是一次空前规模的采访活动,其中,许多外国记者的重头报道深化了对延安的认识。这些西方记者的采访报道之所以对塑造传播延安形象至关重要,是它有三大传播优势:媒体强势——公信力强;过程强势——多重传播;话语强势——"第三者"立场。

During the Anti-Japanese War,the reports of Western journalists played a pivotl role in the shaping of Yan5 an image.By combing a large number of historical materials,it is believed that the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War provided an opportunity to break the Kuomintang's blockade of information on the Nortliwest Red Zone.Out of their respective needs,Yan'an and Western journalists reached a tacit understanding:let the outside world know about Yan,of Yan5 an has gone through three stages:Edgar Snow first revealed the veil of Yan'Interviewed the Northwestern in 1937-1939 enriching the image of Yan 5 an;in 1944,“The and Foreign Journalists'went to Yan 5 an which was an unprecedented scale of interview 5 reports have deepened their understanding of Yan'an.The reason why these Western journalists'reports the image of Yan'an is that it has three major communication advantages:powerfial process-the multiple communication;powerful discourse-the“third party”position.