涡轮叶片高温振动特性试验技术研究

Test Technologies for High Temperature Vibration Characteristics and Turbine Blade

目的获取涡轮叶片实际工作温度下的模态特性、探索高温模态试验技术。方法通过虚拟试验与物理试验相结合的方式进行叶片的高温振动特性试验,首先应用基于ABAQUS的有限元分析方法,进行叶片的虚拟热试验,得到叶片的温度分布后对其模态特性进行求解。搭建叶片高温振动特性试验系统,采用辐射加热的方式对叶片施加热载荷,同时采用高频电磁振动台激振叶片,利用激光测振设备来测试叶片的速度分布从而获取叶片的振动特性参数。结果最终对比两种试验结果,虚拟试验结果与物理试验存在一定的误差,但在允差范围内。结论所述的试验方法可以为叶片振动特性测试提供科学依据,并对叶片的疲劳试验研究具有良好的参考价值。

Objective To acquire characteristics of mode of turbine blade at actual operating temperature and explore technologies for high temperature modal test.Methods A blade thermal vibration characteristics test was carried on by combining virtual experiment with physical experiment.The temperature field distribution of the turbine blade were got through virtual thermal test based on ABAQUS based finite element analysis.The nature vibration characteristics of the turbine blade with temperature field distribution were calculated by tenon contacting conditions according to actual clamping state.The blade thermal vibration experiment system was established by combining electromagnetic vibration table with radiant heating system.Meanwhile,the blade was impacted and excited by a high frequency electromagnetic vibration generator system.Then the blade vibration parameter characteristics were obtained through testing the speed distribution of blade with a laser vibration sensor.Results After comparison of two test results,there were some difference between the analysis results and the test results,which were within the allowable range.Conclusion The test methods could provide scientific basis for test of blade vibration characteristics and was of great effective guidance for study on blade fatigue.