封邮与通邮:九一八事变后国民政府对东北邮政的两难抉择

Postal Closing and Communication: A Dilemma of Nationalist Government to Northeast China Post after the September 18th Incident

九一八事变后,中华邮政仍屹立东北达十个月之久。受日伪胁迫,国民政府被迫封锁东北邮政,以孤立伪满。但令人始料未及的是,东北封邮反而使日本"客邮"收入猛涨,中华邮政出现巨额亏损。在此困境中,国民政府迫于日方压力和民众需求,与日本签订通邮协议,商办的"汇通转递局"产生,封邮转化为通邮。封邮与通邮政策的实施,是国民政府受日军威胁而被迫做出的艰难应对,反映出国民政府对日外交的无奈与妥协。

After the September 18th Incident,Chunghwa Post still stood in the Northeast for ten months.Under the Japanese Puppet Coercion,the National Government was forced to block the Northeast Post to isolate the Puppet.Surprisingly,postal closing made income of Japanese post offices abroad rise sharply,and China Post has suffered huge losses.In this predicament,the National Government was forced by Japan’s pressure and the needs of the people to sign a postal agreement with Japan,and the“Huitong Transfer Bureau”of the business office was created,and the postal closing was converted into postal mail.The implementation of the postal closing and postal communication is a difficult response that the National Government was forced to make due to the threat of the Japanese army,reflecting the helplessness and compromise of the National Government toward Japan.