胶东大型黄金矿山深部开采地压控制实践

Practice on ground pressure control in deep mining of large-scale gold mines in Jiaodong

分析了胶东地区三山岛金矿、新城金矿、大柳行金矿等的地应力及分布规律,介绍了蚀变岩型和石英脉型2种典型金矿床深部采掘中地压显现与灾害形式。提出了深部地压控制的指导思想,结合近年来开展的研究,通过工程实例论述了运用应力转移、钻孔卸压、合理支护、在线实时监测等技术措施进行地压控制的方法及其实践。根据当前矿山实际,分析了深部开采地压控制存在的问题,并提出应在岩体质量分级、采矿方法、多源监测系统、新型支护材料等方面开展系统深入的研究,以更好地抵御千米以深地压灾害。

The ground stress and its distribution rules of Sanshandao Gold Mine,Xincheng Gold Mine,Daliuhang Gold Mine et al.in Jiaodong region were analyzed,followed by an introduction on ground pressure behaviors and disaster forms in deep development based on two typical gold deposits,namely the altered rock type and quartz vein type.The guiding ideology of deep mine ground pressure control is put forward,and then combined with the research in recent years,the methods and their practice to control ground pressure were discussed through project cases when such technical measures are used as transferring stress,pressure relief by drilling holes,reasonable supporting and real-time online monitoring.According to the current actual situation of mines,the existing problems of ground pressure control were analyzed,and it is put forward that a series of systematic and deep research should be carried out on rock mass classification,mining method,multi-source monitoring system,new supporting materials et al.for better resisting the ground pressure disasters below-1 000 m.