整合性神经肌肉训练设计对青少年女子足球运动员专项运动表现的影响

Effect of Integrative Neuromuscular Training Design on the Specific Performance of Youth Female Football Athletes

目的:探讨整合性神经肌肉训练设计对提升女子足球运动员专项运动表现的综合效果,方法:选择18名平均年龄17岁的全运会女子足球运动员为实验对象,对实验组运动员进行为期6周,每周3次,每次90 min的整合性神经肌肉训练,分别在实验干预前、后进行运动能力与专项能力测试。结果表明,训练干预后,实验组与对照组运动员相比,纵跳、速度和灵敏、动态平衡、卧推与深蹲1RM、定点踢远、应变速度、界外球掷远、移动传接球等各项运动能力与专项能力测试指标均显著性提高(P <0. 05)。结论:整合性神经肌肉训练能够对女子足球运动员的运动表现,以及结合球专项动作效率和动作质量产生积极的影响。建议:在训练实践中应合理的结合基础抗阻训练、爆发力迁移训练、速度灵敏训练、动态平衡训练、结合球专项训练以及核心稳定性训练等方法手段;使整合神经肌肉训练的综合效果直接应用到比赛所需技战术环节与动作模式中,为运动员将训练效应向专项运动转化奠定基础。

Objective:To test the comprehensive effect of integrative neuromuscular training design on improving female football athletes'performance.Methods:18 female football players with an average age of 17 years old were selected as the experimental subjects.The experimental group athletes were trained for 6 weeks,3 times a week and 90 min each time.Physical capacity and football specific tests were performed before and after training intervention respectively.The results show that after the training intervention,as compared with the control group athletes who did not take the integrative neuromuscular training,the experimental group was significantly improved in the physical performance and specific performance test indicators of vertical jump,speed and agility,dynamic balance,bench press and squat 1RM,fixed-point kick,reaction speed,and throw-in distance(P<0.05).Conclusions:Integrative neuromuscular training can have a positive impact on female football athletes'physical performance,movement efficiency and movement quality.Suggestions:In the training practice,basic resistance training,explosive force transfer training,speed-sensitive training,dynamic balance training,ball-specific training and core stability training should be combined reasonably;the comprehensive effect of integrative neuromuscular training should be directly applied to the technical and tactical training and movement modes required for competitions,thus laying a foundation for athletes'transformation from training effect to specific sports performance.