日本幼儿体育推进策略及特点分析

Strategies and Characteristics of Young Children's Sports Promotion in Japan

面对幼儿身体活动总量不足和社会适应力下降等问题,日本采用政策推动、幼儿生活方式改善以及家、校、社区协同发展等策略推动幼儿体育、促进幼儿健康。研究认为日本幼儿体育推进特点:(1)在概念上置幼儿体力为幼儿体育研究的基础性问题;(2)在模式上基于兴趣和生存能力的多样化进行身体活动设计;(3)在教学指导上从幼儿服装、场地到教师指导实现全方位安全保障;(4)在社会力量上日本幼儿体育学会大力推进国内外学术研究和资质认证;(5)在调查评估上将幼儿健康需求、指导、评估三而合一。当前我国幼儿体育面临着前所未有的发展机遇,日本幼儿体育发展策略必将为我国幼儿体育的制度建设和活动开展提供有效的借鉴。

Faced with the problems of insufficient physical activities in young children and the decline of social adaptability,Japan has adopted strategies such as policy promotion,improvement of children's lifestyles,and coordinated development of school,family and community to develop young children'sports and promote their health.This study analyzes the characteristics of young children's sports development in Japan:(1)in conception,setting young children's physical activity as the basic problem of young children'sports research;(2)in activity model,developing diverse physical activity design based on interests and social adaptability;(3)in teaching guidelines,all-round security is ensured for children's clothes,venues to teacher guidance;(4)The Japanese Children's Sports Association promotes academic research and The Japanese Children's Sports Association promotes academic research and accreditation of social organizations at home and abroad;(5)integrating children's health needs,guidance and evaluation in investigation and evaluation.At present,young children's sports in China is facing an unprecedented development opportunity.The development strategies of young children's sports in Japan will provide an effective reference for young children's sports system construction and activities in China.