产业集聚、企业年龄与政府补贴

Industrial Agglomeration,Enterprise's Age and Government Subsidies

本文研究了产业集聚、企业年龄对企业获得政府补贴的影响。研究发现,总体上,企业所在地的产业集聚水平正向显著地影响了企业获得的政府补贴;企业年龄对企业获得政府补贴的影响呈现显著的先升后降的"倒U型"结构,意味着初创企业获得政府补贴难于成熟企业。进一步研究发现,集聚对企业获得政府补贴的影响存在地区和所有制差异,东部地区和民营企业获得更多政府补贴。这些研究发现的政策含义为:一方面,应减少集聚地政府对企业的补贴,维护市场公平竞争,以遏制区域发展差距的扩大;另一方面,应增加对初创企业的财政补贴,充分发挥初创企业的创新和就业吸纳能力。

In this paper,we investigate the effects of industrial agglomeration and enterprise s age on the government subsidies based on the data from 1998 to 2007 of the Chinese Annual Survey of Industrial Firms.The conclusions reveal that the industrial agglomeration has a significantly positive effect on the governments subsidies on the whole;the effect of enterprise s age on governments subsidies presents an“inverted U”shape,which means that it is more difficult for the startups to obtain the subsides than mature enterprises.In further analysis,we find that the effect of industrial agglomeration on government subsidies is different among regions and among the enterprises of different ownership since the enterprises in Eastern China and the nongovernmental ones receive more subsidies.These conclusions have important implications:On one hand,the government subsidies to enterprises in the areas with a high degree of industrial agglomeration should be reduced to maintain fair market competition and to curb the widening development gaps between regions;on the other hand,financial subsidies for startups should be increased to enable them to innovate and create jobs.