夏季和冬季南黄海浮游动物分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of Zooplankton in the Southern Yellow Sea in Summer and Winter

本文根据2015年8月(夏季)和2016年1月(冬季)南黄海海域的调查资料,研究了该海域夏冬两季浮游动物的时空分布。结果如下,两季样品共鉴定出103种浮游动物,夏季种类数(96种)>冬季(45种)。夏季优势种数为3种,冬季为6种。夏季和冬季浮游动物丰度均值分别为17 835.8和1 856.3ind/m^3,生物量均值分别为2 334.2和910.4mg/m^3。PRIMER5.2软件相似性分析表明:夏季,相似性在51.89%~56.07%时,可以将各站位划分为5个群落;冬季,相似性在59.91%~65.82%时,可划分为3个群落。相似性聚类分析时,按属或按科进行统计与按种进行统计相比产生的数据损失分别约为6%和10%。浮游动物总种数减少时,按更高阶元进行聚类所产生的数据损失也会减少。

Based on the survey data in the sea area(31.99°N^35.99°N,121.32°E^124.03°E)of Southern Yellow Sea in August(2015,Summer)and January(2016,Winter),this paper studied the spatiotemporal distribution of zooplankton,and analyzed the fishery resources,such as dominant species,species number and diversity.There were 103 kinds of zooplankton from the survey sample of the Southern Yellow Sea in two seasons,in which the Summer(96 species)>the Winter(45 species).Except zooplankton larvae,the number of species of Copepods(31 species,32.3%of total),Coelenterata(13 species,13.5%)and Decapoda(6 species,6.3%)was the top three in Summer.In Winter,the number of species of Copepods(21 species,46.7%)continued to be the largest,and the percentage of Chaetognatha specie number(4 species,8.9%)was higher than that of Summer.The number of dominant species was three in Summer(Noctiluca scintillans Y=0.579 5,Copepoda larva Y=0.080 9,Oithona similis Y=0.022 2)and six in Winter(Copepoda larva Y=0.335 5,Oithona similis Y=0.206 5,O.plumifera Y=0.160 6,O.fallax Y=0.046 5,Nauplius larva(Copepoda)Y=0.042 7,Ophiopluteus larva Y=0.041 9).Average abundance of zooplankton in August and January was 17 835.8 and 1 856.3 ind/m 3,average biomass was 2 334.2 mg/m 3 and 910.4 mg/m 3.The abundance of zooplankton in the middle studied area was low,but the south was rich in Summer.There were more zooplankton in the coastal area in Winter.The summer distribution pattern of biomass in summer was similar to abundance pattern of the same season.In Winter,the biomass in the northeastern area was lower,but the coastal area(especially in the northwest)was higher.Zooplankton data of all stations were analyzed with PRIMER5.2 software.Results showed that Summer stations could be divided into five communities with 51.89%~56.07%of similarity and the winter could be separated into three communities with 59.91%~65.82%.Compared with species,CLUSTER analysis according to genus or family would produce about 6%and 10%loss of data respectively.With the total number of zooplankton species decreasing,the loss of CLUSTER result seemed to be smaller when according to a higher order.The identification of zooplankton could be properly done to Genus or Family to replace the identification to Species.Although there would be data loss,it could make the sample identification process more efficient,avoiding some of subjective factors and microscopic instrument error.